Overcoming Challenges for Shoot Tip Cryopreservation of Root and Tuber Crops

Root and tuber crops (RTCs) are the second-most important carbohydrate commodity after cereals. Many species of RTCs vegetatively propagated, making their shoot tips preferred material to be conserved for future uses. Shoot tip cryopreservation provides an tool support long-term conservation plant genetic resources. Over past four decades, significant efforts have been undertaken move from research projects full-scale implementation in cryobanks. This comprehensive review focuses on history protocols developed RTCs. The encapsulation vitrification solution-based techniques followed by ultra-rapid freezing thawing highly successful. Additionally, different strategies improving cryotolerance introduced further increase post-cryopreservation recovery. Finally, conducted explain mechanism underlying cryoprotection differential including use histological studies highlighted.